Boenjiniere ba Tšepahala ka Tlas'a Lefatše: Li-Roller Bearings tse Tapereng bakeng sa Li-Cutterhead tsa TBM

Likarabo tse Potlakileng le Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa

Li-bearings tse nang le li-roller tse tenyetsehang tse entsoeng bakeng sa li-cutterhead tsa Mochini oa ho Borella oa Tunnel (TBM) li fana ka tšehetso ea bohlokoa ea radial le axial moroalo tlas'a meroalo e matla ea ho sisinyeha ka tlas'a lefatše, torque e phahameng, le maemo a ho thothomela a khorofo. Ho thepeng ha sejoale-joale ha li-tunnel tsa thebe, li-bearings tsa li-cutterhead li tlameha ho mamella matla a ho sutumelletsa a fetang likete tse mashome tsa li-kilonewton ha li ntse li boloka ho lekana ho tiileng ha potoloho. E entsoe ka li-angles tse teteaneng tsa ho kopana, litšepe tsa alloy tse thatafalitsoeng ke case, le litsamaiso tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho tiisa melomo e mengata, li-bearings tsena li thibela ho phatloha ho hoholo pele ho nako, ho petsoha ha raceway le tšilafalo ea lubricant. Baenjiniere ba mechini ba TBM le lihlopha tsa theko ba khetha li-bearings tsa li-roller tse nang le bokhoni bo phahameng ho thibela ho hloleha ho hoholo ha li-cutterhead tse ka tlas'a lefatše, ho eketsa linako tsa tlhokomelo nakong ea ho etsa li-tunnel tse telele, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsohle tsa beng.

• Taolo e Kopantsoeng ea Mojaro:Geometry e kobehileng e sebetsana le likhatello tse feteletseng tsa radial le ho thothomela ho hoholo ha axial ho hlahisoang ke ho kenella ha lefika la cutter disc.

• Ho Hanela Tšusumetso le Mokhathala:Litšepe tsa bere tse nang le khabone li monya meroalo e matla ea ho tšoha ho tsoa lifahlehong tsa mafika a sa ts'oaneng ntle le ho petsoha ha tsela ea mabelo e robehang.

• Tšireletso ea Tšilafalo:Li-labyrinth le li-lip seal tsa mekhahlelo e mengata li boloka metsi a ka tlas'a lefatše, lerōle la bentonite le lerōle la majoe le khohlang hore le se ke la kena libakeng tsa bohlokoa tsa mabelo.

• Bophelo ba Tšebeletso bo ka Lebelloang esale pele:Liprofaele tsa rolara tse nang le moqhaka li felisa khatello e feteletseng ea ho jara lintho ka mahlakoreng, e leng se etsang hore ho be le nako e telele ea ts'ebetso ka bolelele ba kotopo bo boima.

Li-bearings tsa TBM Cutterhead Tapered Roller ke Eng Hona li Sebetsa Joang?

Li-bearing tse tapered bakeng sa li-cutterhead tsa TBM ke li-bearing tse boima, tse nepahetseng haholo tse entsoeng ka ho khetheha ho fetisa torque e khannang le ho monya matla a ho sutumetsa nakong ea ho thula ha mechini. Li na le li-roller tse kobehileng tse tataisoang ke lehare le phahameng la hare le tsamaeang lipakeng tsa litsela tsa mabelo tse tapered tsa kahare le tsa kantle, likarolo tsena li sebetsa ho latela molao-motheo oa ho kopanya mela ea ho kopana.

Mokgwa o ka tlase o dumella bearing ho rarolla divekthara tse rarahaneng tsa mojaro wa di-axis tse ngata hore e be matla a hlwekileng a tloaelehileng a otlolohileng ho ya ho sekhutlo sa tsela ya peiso. Ha hlooho ya seha ya TBM e hatella lefikeng le tiileng, sekhutlo se tenya se kgutlisang pele se sutumelletsa pele ka hara sebopeho sa ntlo, se boloka ho lekana hantle bakeng sa mapheo a pele a kgannang le di-motor tsa hydraulic esita le nakong ya ho thothomela ha di-cutterhead tse sa tsitsang. Diprofaele tsa roller tse nang le moqhaka di jala kgatello ya ho ikopanya ka ho lekana ho pholletsa le bolelele bohle ba tsela ya peiso, ho thibela mokhathala wa bohale.

Litlhoko tsa Bohlokoa tsa Tshebetso ho Epolloeng ka Tlase ho Naha

Ho kobeha ha thebe ka tlas'a lefatše ho hlahisa tse ling tsa libaka tse sebetsang tse mabifi ka ho fetisisa boenjiniere bo boima ba mechini:

• Ho Sebetsana le Mejaro e Kopantsoeng ka ho Feteletseng:Ho tjheka ha thanele ya mafika a thata ho hloka diketekete tsa ditone tsa metric tsa ho sutumelletsa pele hammoho le meroalo e boima ya matla a khoheli a radial ho tloha boima ba cutterhead e potolohang. Di-roller bearings tse tapered di rarolla matla ana a mahlakore a mangata ka katleho ka tsela ya tsona ya ho ikopanya le roller e sekameng.

• Ho mamella Tšusumetso e Fetohang le ho Thothometsa:Ho fetela ka har'a jeoloji ea lifahleho tse tsoakiloeng—joalo ka letsopa le bonolo le granite e thata—ho baka moroalo o matla oa ho tšoha. Meaho e menyenyane ea mantlha e thatafalitsoeng ke khetla e lumella bearing ho kobeha ka mokhoa o tenyetsehang ntle le ho robeha ha lesale ho kotsi.

• Ho Thibela ho Kena ha Lero le Leholo la Kgatelelo:Tekanyo ea Khatello ea Lefatše (EPB) le Slurry TBM li sebetsa tlas'a khatello ea hydrostatic e fihlang ho libare tse 5 ho isa ho tse 10. Li-bearing li tlameha ho kopanngoa le litsamaiso tse khethehileng tsa ho koala ho thibela phofo ea majoe a khorofo le metsi ho tsoa ho oli e boima ea lisebelisoa.

• Bophelo bo Atolositsoeng Ntle le ho Nkela Sebaka ka Hare ho Kotopo:Ho nkela diski e kholo ea drive kapa ea cutter sebaka ka har'a thebe e moqotetsane ea kotopo sebaka ho hloka likhoeli tsa ho se sebetse le tahlehelo e limilione. Li-bearings li tlameha ho fihlella litekanyetso tse tšepahalang tsa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ea L10h tse fetang lihora tse 10,000 ho isa ho tse 20,000 tsa ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele.

Ho kgetha di-drive le di-cutterhead bearings ho kenyeletsa ho bapisa jiometri ya di-rolling element le mekgwa e ikgethang ya kgatello ya jeoloji le dintho tsa bohlokwa tsa tshebetso ho pholletsa le bokgoni bo kopaneng ba mojaro, ho tiya ha sebopeho, ho hanyetsa ho tshoha le taolo ya mocheso.

Ka bokgoni ba ho kopanya mojaro, di-roller bearings tse nang le mela e le nngwe kapa e mmedi tse nang le mela e tapered di fana ka bokgoni bo hodimo ba ho kganna axial ha di bapiswa le di-roller bearings tse tlwaelehileng tsa cylindrical. Le hoja meralo ya cylindrical e fana ka bokgoni bo hodimo ba radial, geometry ya tsona e bataletseng e ke ke ya monya axial thrust e boima ya mantlha ntle le ho itshetleha ka dikgokelo tse boima tsa kgohlano.

Mabapi le ho tiea ha sebopeho tlas'a meroalo ea motsotsoana, lipara tsa li-roller bearing tse kentsoeng pele li etsa sebaka se seholo se sebetsang sa ho hasana. Ho tiea hona ho phahameng ha angular ho thibela ho sekamela le ho kheloha ha cutterhead ka katleho e kholo ho feta li-roller bearing tse chitja, tse atisang ho fana hanyane tlas'a linako tse phahameng tsa ho sekamela.

Mabapi le mamello ea mojaro oa ho thothomela, li-roller bearings tse tapered tse nang le carburing li feta mekhoa e meng e thatafalitsoeng. Karolo e ka hare ea tšepe e thatafalitsoeng e nang le ductile e baka litlamorao tse matla tsa majoe, athe litšepe tse thatafalitsoeng tse nang le bere li beha mokhathala o ka tlas'a lefatše kotsing ea ho petsoha tlas'a khatello e matla e pheta-phetoang.

Qetellong, taolo ea mocheso tlas'a mojaro o boima e fapana ho latela meralo. Li-bearing tse tenyetsehang tsa roller li hloka ho beoa ha pele ka nepo kapa ho kenngoa pele ho laola tlhahiso ea mocheso o khohlano. Leha ho le joalo, ha li kopantsoe le litsamaiso tsa ho pholisa oli tse potolohang, kinematics ea tsona e laoloang ea ho ikopanya e boloka mocheso o tsitsitseng oa ts'ebetso nakong ea ho kenya tunnel e bonolo ea mobu o phahameng ka lebelo le phahameng.

Likopo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Indasteri ho Lisebelisoa tsa Tunneling

Li-bearing tse nang le li-roller tse tenya li sebetsa e le liankora tsa bohlokoa tse jarang mojaro ho pholletsa le likopano tse ngata ka har'a mechini ea thebe ea mechini:

1. Likopano tsa Tšehetso tsa TBM Main Drive

Litlhophiso tsa ho bea rolara tse bophara bo boholo tse nang le bophara bo bokhutšoanyane li tšehetsa ka ho toba gear ea sehlooho ea ho khanna ea cutterhead, li fetisetsa matla a silindara ea ho sutumelletsa 'meleng oa thebe.

2. Likopano tsa Hub ea Disc Cutter

Li-cutter tsa rock disk tsa lisenthimithara tse 17 le lisenthimithara tse 19 ka bonngoe li itšetlehile ka li-bearings tsa roller tse nang le mela e le 'ngoe tse nang le tapered tse boima ho sebetsana le litšitiso tse tsoelang pele tsa ho pshatla ha lefika sefahlehong sa kotopo.

3. Ho Jara Liphaephe le ho Thibela ho Fokotsa Lithapo tse Nyenyane

Mechini e menyenyane ea ho kenya li-tunnel e sebelisa li-bearing tse nang le li-roller tse tšesaane ho boloka khatello e phahameng ka har'a li-envelope tse thata tse ka tlas'a lefatše.

4. Mabokose a Li-gear a Khannang Thebe e Boima

Li-gearbox tsa phokotso ea lipolanete tse nang le mekhahlelo e mengata tse tsamaisang sehahi se secha li sebelisa li-bearing tse nang le li-roller tse tapered holim'a li-shaft tse nang le torque e phahameng ho boloka ho ts'oaroa ha letlooeng la gear.

Tataiso ea Khetho ea Boenjiniere le Tlhokomelo bakeng sa Lihlopha tsa Theko

Balaoli ba theko le baenjiniere ba mechini ba hlalosang li-bearing tsa li-cutterhead ba lokela ho hlahloba lintlha tse 'ne tsa bohlokoa tsa tekheniki:

1. Netefatsa Bohloeki ba Tšepe le Kalafo ea Mocheso:Netefatsa hore di-bearing di entswe ka di-alloy steels tse ntshitsweng ka vacuum-degassed ka kalafo ya mocheso e nang le khabone ho mamella kgatello ya ho tjheswa ha subsurface e bakwang ke ho tshoha.

2. Bala Moroalo o Fetohang o Lekanang le Bophelo ba L10h:Nahana ka lintlha tsa tšusumetso e phahameng (hangata e baloa ka makhetlo a 1.5 ho isa ho a 2.0 ka ho tsitsa ho sa fetoheng) ha o bala bophelo bo lebeletsoeng ba ts'ebetso ea bearing libakeng tse fapaneng tsa jeoloji.

3. Hlahloba ho lumellana ha Setii le Mekero ea Grease:Netefatsa hore mehele e ka ntle e kenyelletsa li-groove tse khethehileng tsa ho tlotsa hape 'me e kopantsoe hantle le litiiso tsa cassette tsa melomo e mengata le lithibelo tsa mafura tse lefelloang ke khatello.

4. Phethahatsa Setlhophiso sa ho Tlosa le ho Jarisa Pele ho Nako ka ho Nepahetseng:Sebelisa mekhoa ea ho benya ka ho nepahala kapa ea ho khanna linate tsa hydraulic nakong ea kopano ho fihlela ho jara thepa esale pele hantle, ho thibela ho thella ha roller kapa ho chesa haholo.

Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa (Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa)

Ke hobane'ng ha li-bearing tse nang le li-roller tse tapered li khethoa ho feta li-bearing tse silindara bakeng sa li-cutterhead tsa TBM?

Li-roller bearings tse tenyetsehang ka tlhaho li sebetsana le meroalo e phahameng e kopaneng ea radial le axial thrust ka lebaka la geometry ea tsona ea raceway e sekametseng. Li-roller bearings tsa cylindrical li ipabola haholo-holo meroalong ea radial 'me li ke ke tsa tšehetsa thrust e tsoelang pele ea axial forward ea lithane tse ngata e hlahisoang ke li-cylinder tsa TBM drive.

Litšepe tse thatafalitsoeng ka lebokoso li sireletsa li-bearing tsa TBM joang hore li se ke tsa tlatsoa ka tšohanyetso?

Tšepe e thatafalitsoeng ke khese (e nang le khese-carburised) e etsa lera le thata, le sa tsofaleng la kantle la raceway le tšehelitsoeng ke karolo e ka hare e thata, e nang le ductile. Ha meroalo e matla ea shock e otla hlooho ea cutter nakong ea ho pshatla lefika, karolo e ka hare ea ductile e monya matla a shock ntle le ho pshatla ho robehang.

Ke eng e bakang ho hloleha ha bearing ea cutterhead libakeng tse ka tlas'a lefatše?

Mabaka a ka sehloohong a ho hloleha ha bearing ea cutterhead ke tšilafalo ea lubricant e bakoang ke metsi le ho kenella ha lerōle, ho jara ho feteletseng ha mathoko ka lebaka la ho fapoha ha shaft, le ho qhalana ha mokhathala o ka tlas'a lefatše ho bakoang ke meroalo e telele ea ho tšoha e sa fokotseng.

Na di-roller bearings tsa borena le tsa metric tapered di ka fapanyetsana ho di-disc cutters tsa TBM?

Ho fapanyetsana ho itshetlehile ka botlalo hodima boholo ba matlo le mamello ya shaft. Le hoja meralo ya borena le ya metric e fana ka bokgoni bo lekanang ba mojaro, boholo ba enfelopo, dikhutlo tsa khoune, le dibaka tsa ho kenya di tlameha ho tshwana hantle le ditlhaloso tsa moetsi wa disebediswa tsa mantlha (OEM).

Ho tlotsa ho bolokoa joang libereng tse kholo tsa TBM tlas'a khatello e phahameng?

Li-bearing tse kholo tsa TBM li sebelisa litsamaiso tsa oli tse potolohang tse tsoelang pele tse nang le li-heat exchanger, filtration e ntle ea likaroloana, le lithibelo tse ntle tsa grease. Khatello e ntle e thibela bentonite slurry le metsi a ka tlas'a lefatše hore a se ke a feta litiiso tsa molomo o ka ntle ho kena ka har'a mokoti oa bearing.